CEFR Levels A1 to C2 Explained: What Each Level Means in Practice

The Common European Framework (CEFR) divides language ability into six levels, from A1 to C2. See what you can do at each level and how to find out yours.

“Intermediate” can mean very different things to different people. That is why the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, the CEFR, exists: it divides proficiency into six levels with descriptions of what a person can do.

The six levels

LevelNameIn practice
A1BeginnerIntroduce yourself, understand simple, very common phrases
A2ElementaryHandle routine situations: shopping, directions, simple work tasks
B1IntermediateGet by when traveling, describe experiences, follow the main points of clear speech
B2Upper intermediateTalk with native speakers with some ease, understand most TV shows and technical texts in your field
C1AdvancedUse the language flexibly at work and in study, understand long texts and implied meaning
C2ProficientUnderstand virtually everything and express yourself precisely in complex situations

The jump that matters most: B1 to B2

B1 is the level of someone who “gets by”. B2 is the level of someone who actually uses the language: works in it, attends meetings, follows TV shows without constantly relying on subtitles. That is why most employers ask for B2.

It is also where many learners plateau, because it requires a lot of vocabulary and an ear trained on natural speech, not more grammar.

How each level experiences TV shows

LevelWatching shows in the language
A2Needs subtitles in their native language or dual subtitles
B1Follows simple shows with original subtitles, missing parts
B2Understands most shows with original subtitles
C1Understands almost everything, sometimes without subtitles

How to find out your level

  • Free online tests give a quick estimate.
  • Official exams such as Cambridge, IELTS and TOEFL give a result accepted by employers and universities.
  • Self-assessment: compare what you can do with the table above. It is imperfect but useful for planning.

How to move up a level

Each level requires more hours of contact with the language; see the estimates in how long it takes to learn English. From B1 on, what matters most is input volume: shows, videos and reading at your level, with quick lookups for new words. In Telidioma, word explanations adapt to the level you choose, from beginner to advanced.

Frequently asked questions

What level of English do employers ask for?

For jobs that use English daily, B2 is the most common requirement. Roles in international companies or with heavy negotiation may ask for C1.

How can I find out my level?

Free online tests give an estimate. For an official result, exams such as Cambridge, IELTS and TOEFL report a level or have a conversion table to the CEFR.

What is the difference between B1 and B2?

At B1 you can manage familiar situations and talk about everyday topics. At B2 you can discuss more abstract subjects, understand most TV shows and talk with native speakers with some ease.

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